ABSTRACT
Background: Kelussia odoratissima Mozaffarian [Umbelliferae family] is one of the Iranian medicinal plants that has nutritional and pharmacological effects. In Iranian traditional medicine, it has been mentioned that this plant has anti-spasmodic effect and it is used for the treatment of gastrointestinal dysfunctions, such as abdominal pain. In this study, we evaluated the effect of alcoholic extract of Kelussia odoratissima Mozaffarian on ileum contractions in rats
Materials and Method: Alcoholic extracts were prepared from powdered Kelussia leaves. Ileum samples were placed in an organ bath containing tyrode solution and 1g tension was used before inducing ileum isotonic contraction with KCl [60 mM]. Saline or extracts [10% and 20%] were added to the bath and responses were recorded. Data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD test
Results: Our results demonstrated that both concentrations of Kelussia significantly reduced the KCl-induced contraction in isolated rat ileum compared to the control [saline] group [p<0.001]. No significant difference was observed between the two groups which had received 10% and 20% extracts
Conclusion: In general, it can be concluded that alcoholic extracts of Kelussia odoratissima Mozaffarian inhibit pre-induced contractions in isolated rat ileum and can be used for reduction of intestinal spasms. More experiments are needed to unravel the mechanism underlying this effect
ABSTRACT
Hyoscyamus niger has many different therapeutic effects, such as anti-convulsive and sedative effects. In this study, we tried to evaluate the eventual effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of Hyoscyamus niger on spatial learning and memory in mice using Morris water maze task. In this study, 23 mice were randomly divided into one control group and two experimental groups. The control group received normal saline and the experimental groups received hydro-alcoholic extracts of Hyoscyamus niger [1 or 2 mg/kg, i.p.]. At first, saline or extracts were injected daily [7 days] and then spatial learning was evaluated for 5 consecutive days. For evaluating short-term memory, two probe-trial experiments were performed. Finally, data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's test. Results obtained from day 3 and day 4 of the learning period showed a significant reduction in learning the water maze task in the experimental group [2 mg/kg] compared with the control group [p < 0.05]. In addition, probe-trial experiments demonstrated that Hyoscyamus niger [1 and 2 mg/kg] prevented formation of short-term memory, while control animals succeeded to make short-term memory. Hydro-alcoholic extract of Hyoscyamus niger decreases the learning of the water maze task and also disturbs short-term memory